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- i - 長(zhǎng)風(fēng)聯(lián)盟電子政務(wù) 總體應(yīng)用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)指南 研究 報(bào)告 長(zhǎng)風(fēng)開放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)平臺(tái)軟件聯(lián)盟 二○○七年 五 月 長(zhǎng) 風(fēng) 開 放 標(biāo) 準(zhǔn) 平 臺(tái) 軟 件 聯(lián) 盟 長(zhǎng)風(fēng)聯(lián)盟 錄 第一章 引論 ..................................................................................................................................... 1 指南的目的 .................................................................................................................... 1 指南依據(jù)的長(zhǎng)風(fēng)聯(lián)盟參考文檔 .................................................................................... 1 么是 子政務(wù)總體應(yīng)用架構(gòu) .............................................................................. 1 么是 子政務(wù)總體應(yīng)用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................... 2 指南的章節(jié)組織 ............................................................................................................ 7 用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容 ................................................................................................ 7 用架構(gòu)分解結(jié)構(gòu)與參考架構(gòu) (................................................................................ 7 用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)環(huán)境 ............................................................................................................ 8 用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)干系人 ........................................................................................................ 8 用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)指南與長(zhǎng)風(fēng)聯(lián)盟其他文檔的關(guān)系 .......................................................... 9 第二章 應(yīng)用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)領(lǐng)域、原則和過(guò)程組 ....................................................................... 10 用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)領(lǐng)域 .................................................................................................. 10 計(jì)方法學(xué) ................................................................................................... 10 據(jù)建模方法學(xué) ................................................................................................... 10 向流程設(shè)計(jì)方法學(xué) ........................................................................................... 11 術(shù)領(lǐng)域架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方法學(xué) ................................................................................... 11 用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方法學(xué) ........................................................................................... 13 向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計(jì)方法學(xué) ........................................................................................... 19 務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)原則 .................................................................................................................. 21 式定義邊界 ....................................................................................................... 21 治性 ................................................................................................................... 23 務(wù)共享大綱和契約，但不共享類 ................................................................... 24 務(wù)兼容性基于策略 ........................................................................................... 25 問(wèn)的開放性 ....................................................................................................... 26 時(shí)可用 ............................................................................................................... 27 粒度服務(wù)接口 ................................................................................................... 27 務(wù)分級(jí) ............................................................................................................... 28 散耦合 ............................................................................................................... 28 重用的服務(wù)及服務(wù)接口設(shè)計(jì)管理 ................................................................. 29 準(zhǔn)化的接口 ..................................................................................................... 30 持各種消息模式 ............................................................................................. 30 確定義服務(wù)接口 ............................................................................................. 31 用架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程組 ...................................................................................................... 31 構(gòu)啟動(dòng)過(guò)程組 ................................................................................................... 33 述 ............................................................................................................ 33 務(wù)模型合理性初步分析 ........................................................................ 34 構(gòu)范圍定義 ............................................................................................ 35 能架構(gòu) .................................................................................................... 35 務(wù)分類 .................................................................................................... 35 長(zhǎng) 風(fēng) 開 放 標(biāo) 準(zhǔn) 平 臺(tái) 軟 件 聯(lián) 盟 長(zhǎng)風(fēng)聯(lián)盟 架構(gòu)分析過(guò)程組 ................................................................................................... 36 述 ............................................................................................................ 36 織模型分析 ............................................................................................ 38 據(jù)模型分析 ............................................................................................ 38 程模型分析 ............................................................................................ 38 I 分析 ........................................................................................................ 39 部接口分析 ............................................................................................ 39 鍵用例分析 ............................................................................................ 39 鍵技術(shù)點(diǎn)分析 ........................................................................................ 40 務(wù)定義 .................................................................................................... 40 系人分析 .............................................................................................. 40 部接口設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程 .................................................................................. 41 務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程 .......................................................................................... 43 構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程組 ................................................................................................... 43 述 ............................................................................................................ 43 體架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 45 架選擇 .................................................................................................... 45 據(jù)模型設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 45 程設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................... 45 鍵技術(shù)點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................ 45 部接口設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 46 I 設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 48 務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程 ............................................................................................ 48 量設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................. 48 計(jì)視圖分 配 .......................................................................................... 48 署視圖設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 48 隊(duì)開發(fā)管理設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................. 48 構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程組 ................................................................................................... 49 述 ............................................................................................................ 49 作績(jī)效信息收集 .................................................................................... 49 構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn) .................................................................................................... 49 構(gòu)測(cè)試過(guò)程組 ................................................................................................... 49 述 ............................................................................................................ 49 試規(guī)劃 .................................................................................................... 50 務(wù)測(cè)試 .................................................................................................... 50 能測(cè)試 .................................................................................................... 50 能測(cè)試 .................................................................................................... 51 術(shù)指標(biāo)測(cè)試 ............................................................................................ 51 構(gòu)優(yōu)化 .................................................................................................... 51 構(gòu)監(jiān)控過(guò)程組 ................................................................................................... 51 述 ............................................................................................................ 51 務(wù)模型合理性跟蹤 ................................................................................ 51 效報(bào)告 .................................................................................................... 52 構(gòu)收尾過(guò) 程組 ................................................................................................... 52 長(zhǎng) 風(fēng) 開 放 標(biāo) 準(zhǔn) 平 臺(tái) 軟 件 聯(lián) 盟 長(zhǎng)風(fēng)聯(lián)盟 述 ............................................................................................................ 52 理收尾 .................................................................................................... 52 構(gòu)進(jìn)化 .................................................................................................... 52 第三章 應(yīng)用架構(gòu)分解結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................................................................... 53 體架構(gòu) .......................................................................................................................... 53 礎(chǔ)支撐層 ...................................................................................................................... 54 景圖 ................................................................................................................... 54 件 /網(wǎng)絡(luò)層設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................. 55 機(jī)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................... 55 絡(luò)規(guī)劃 .................................................................................................... 57 儲(chǔ) /備份設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................... 57 它硬件設(shè)備 ............................................................................................ 60 統(tǒng)軟件層設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................... 60 作系統(tǒng)選型 ............................................................................................ 61 用服務(wù)器選型 ........................................................................................ 62 據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器選型 .................................................................................... 63 它系統(tǒng)軟件選型 .................................................................................... 64 撐軟件層設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................... 64 術(shù)架構(gòu)選擇 ............................................................................................ 64 件框架設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 67 礎(chǔ)構(gòu)件 /服務(wù)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................... 67 它構(gòu)件 .................................................................................................... 67 架構(gòu)其它層關(guān)系 ............................................................................................... 67 關(guān)規(guī)范與標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ................................................................................................... 67 務(wù)運(yùn)行、管理和監(jiān)控環(huán)境 ............................................................................... 67 務(wù)資源層 ...................................................................................................................... 68 務(wù)資源層總體架構(gòu) ........................................................................................... 68 統(tǒng)資源層面臨的問(wèn)題 ............................................................................ 68 構(gòu)目標(biāo) .................................................................................................... 69 構(gòu)總圖及描述 ........................................................................................ 69 務(wù)資源層應(yīng)用前景和趨勢(shì) .................................................................... 70 務(wù)信息資源 ....................................................................................................... 70 務(wù)信息資源的封裝 ................................................................................ 71 務(wù)信息資源的接入 ................................................................................ 71 務(wù)信息資源的管理 ................................................................................ 72 務(wù)信息資源的訪問(wèn) ................................................................................ 73 門業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用資源 ............................................................................................... 73 用資源的封裝 ........................................................................................ 74 用資源的接入 ........................................................................................ 74 用資源的管理 ........................................................................................ 75 用資源的統(tǒng)一訪問(wèn) ................................................................................ 75 務(wù)目錄資源 ....................................................................................................... 76 源元數(shù)據(jù)描述 ........................................................................................ 77 源編目 .................................................................................................... 79 長(zhǎng) 風(fēng) 開 放 標(biāo) 準(zhǔn) 平 臺(tái) 軟 件 聯(lián) 盟 v - 長(zhǎng)風(fēng)聯(lián)盟 全管理 .................................................................................................... 79 于目錄的資源共享體系 ........................................................................ 80 撐服務(wù)層 ...................................................................................................................... 81 景圖 ................................................................................................................... 81 述 ....................................................................................................................... 81 務(wù)構(gòu)成 ............................................................................................................... 82 共服務(wù) .................................................................................................... 82 域服務(wù) .................................................................................................... 89 務(wù)應(yīng)用層 ...................................................................................................................... 91 景圖 ................................................................................................................... 91 述 ....................................................................................................................... 91 于 務(wù)應(yīng)用層的業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用模式 ............................................................. 92 軟基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的視角研究模式分類 ........................................................ 93 于 資源共享應(yīng)用模式 .............................................................. 95 于 業(yè)務(wù)協(xié)同應(yīng)用模式 .............................................................. 96 于 不同服務(wù)渠道的應(yīng)用模式 .................................................. 96 其它各層的關(guān)系 ............................................................................................... 97 務(wù)應(yīng)用層對(duì)基礎(chǔ)支撐層的要求 ............................................................ 97 務(wù)應(yīng)用層對(duì)展現(xiàn)服務(wù)層的支持 ............................................................ 98 務(wù)應(yīng)用層對(duì)安全保障體系的要求 ........................................................ 98 現(xiàn)服務(wù)層 ...................................................................................................................... 99 景圖 ................................................................................................................... 99 配器 ................................................................................................................. 100 撐運(yùn)行環(huán)境 ..................................................................................................... 100 體的展現(xiàn)服務(wù) ................................................................................................. 101 現(xiàn)服務(wù)相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系、工具集、安全保障體系 ..................................... 101 具集 ............................................................................................................................ 102 景圖 ................................................................................................................. 103 發(fā)和部署服務(wù) ................................................................................................. 103 務(wù)的體系架構(gòu) /模型 ............................................................................. 105 系架構(gòu)說(shuō)明 .......................................................................................... 106 能模塊概述 .......................................................................................... 106 能模塊間關(guān)系概述 .............................................................................. 107 能詳細(xì)說(shuō)明 .......................................................................................... 107 其他服務(wù)關(guān)系 ...................................................................................... 110 準(zhǔn)規(guī)范體系 ................................................................................................................ 112 景圖 ................................................................................................................. 112 礎(chǔ)支撐層 ......................................................................................................... 112 務(wù)資源層 ......................................................................................................... 116 撐服務(wù)層 ......................................................................................................... 118 務(wù)應(yīng)用層 ....................................................................................