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1、 考點(diǎn)34 倒裝句 高考頻度：★★★★★ 考向一 全部倒裝 把謂語(yǔ)全部提到主語(yǔ)前面，叫全部倒裝。主要有： 1.there be 句型： 可以用在這類(lèi)句型中的動(dòng)詞除be外，還可用 live，happen，exist，remain，stand等等作這類(lèi)句型的謂語(yǔ)。如： There are many students in the classroom.教室里有許多學(xué)生。 Long, long ago there lived a king who loved horses very much. 很久很久以前，有一位國(guó)王，他非常喜歡馬。 There happened

2、 to be nobody in the bedroom when the fire broke out. 起火的時(shí)候，碰巧房間里面沒(méi)有人。 John opened the door. There _________ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl 〖答案〗D 2.Here/There/Now＋vi.（常為come, go）＋主語(yǔ)（必須是名詞） 此句型中here/there用

3、來(lái)喚起注意意思是＂喂，注意了＂。如： Here comes Mary. → I can see Mary coming.瑪麗來(lái)了。 There goes the bell. 鈴響了?！鶬 can hear the bell ringing. Here comes the bus.汽車(chē)來(lái)了。 There he comes.他來(lái)了。 這種句型不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 here句中也可用系動(dòng)詞。如： Here are some story books I want. →Here is what you asked for，or you are looking for.這就是我要

4、的故事書(shū)。（我找了好久） Here we are. This is the station.咱們到了，這就是火車(chē)站。 ＂Give me some paper.＂ ＂Here you are.＂＂給我點(diǎn)紙。＂ ＂給你。＂ 3.then引起謂語(yǔ)為 come，follow的句子。如： Then came a new difficulty. 然后產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)新的困難。 Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.接著是八年抗戰(zhàn)。 4.out，in，up, down，away之類(lèi)的副詞作狀語(yǔ)放在句首，主語(yǔ)比較長(zhǎng)，也就是說(shuō)主語(yǔ)不能

5、是很短的人稱(chēng)代詞，謂語(yǔ)為不及物動(dòng)詞come， go，run ,rush，etc。句式為：副詞＋vi.＋主語(yǔ)（必須是名詞）。如： Out rushed the tiger from among the bushes.老虎從灌木叢里沖了出來(lái)。 In came the rose fragrance through the windows.玫瑰花香透過(guò)窗戶(hù)飄了進(jìn)來(lái)。 5.介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)放在句首，謂語(yǔ)為不及物動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)比較長(zhǎng)，也就是說(shuō)主語(yǔ)不能是很短的人稱(chēng)代詞。句式為：介詞短語(yǔ)＋vi.＋主語(yǔ)（必須是名詞）。如： In the middle of our school stands a high

6、 building.在學(xué)校中央有一座高樓。 At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie 〖答案〗A 〖解析〗考查倒裝。表示方位的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提前，句子完全倒裝，所以選A項(xiàng)。 6.表語(yǔ)放在句首，表語(yǔ)常為形容詞、分詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)。要

7、求主語(yǔ)比較長(zhǎng)，也就是說(shuō)主語(yǔ)不能是很短的人稱(chēng)代詞。句式為：表語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)（必須是名詞）。 Gone are the days when the teachers were looked down upon. 老師地位低下的年代一去不復(fù)返了。 On the both sides of the street are beautiful flowers.街道兩旁有美麗的花。 South of city are two big lakes.城市的兩邊有兩個(gè)大湖。 7.直接引語(yǔ)中間或后面，表示某人說(shuō)這意思的插入語(yǔ)（特別是謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)）。 ＂They must be in the fi

8、elds now,＂ thought Xiao Lin.＂他們準(zhǔn)是下地了。＂小林想道。 ＂Help! Help!＂ cried the little girl.小姑娘叫道：＂救命！救命?。ⅹ? 如果主語(yǔ)不比謂語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)，或是它后面有賓語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)就仍然多放在前面。 ＂Take your seats，gentlemen,＂ Wilson shouted.威爾遜嚷道：＂先生們坐好。＂ 考向二 部分倒裝 只把助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前面，叫部分倒裝。主要有： 1.＂only＋副詞/ 介詞短語(yǔ)/ 狀語(yǔ)從句＂開(kāi)頭的句子。如： Only then did I realize the im

9、portance of English. 直到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到英語(yǔ)的重要性。 Only in this way can you make progress in your English. 只有通過(guò)這種方式你學(xué)英語(yǔ)才會(huì)取得進(jìn)步。 注意： １）在only＋狀語(yǔ)從句＋主句結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)但從句用正常語(yǔ)序。 ２）only修飾主語(yǔ)，不倒裝。 Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching

10、 goals. A. I did discover B. did I discover C. I discovered D. discovered 〖答案〗B 特別提示： 副詞only置于句首， 強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語(yǔ)、 條件狀語(yǔ)、 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等狀語(yǔ)時(shí)， 主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。 但若位于句首的不是only+狀語(yǔ)，而是only+賓語(yǔ)等，通常則無(wú)需倒裝。 ?Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.在被邀請(qǐng)了三次之后，他才出席會(huì)議。 ?Only in this way can you ma

11、ster English.只有用這種方式你才能掌握英語(yǔ)。 ?Only when he returned did we find out the truth.只有當(dāng)他返回時(shí)，我們才能發(fā)現(xiàn)真相。 2.否定詞（短語(yǔ)）開(kāi)頭的句子要用部分倒裝。 表示否定的副詞never，nor，neither,表示半否定意義的副詞hardly，few，seldom，little，含有no和not的詞組by no means（決不），in no time（很快），at no time（在任何時(shí)候都不），（在任何情況下都不）not until，not only...but also，no sooner..

12、.than＝hardly...when/scarcely... 即＂否定詞＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＋其他＂。如： Never have I been in this city.我從沒(méi)到過(guò)這座城市。 Little/Seldom do I watch TV.我很少看電視。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到我參加了工作我才意識(shí)到我浪費(fèi)了多少時(shí)間。 注意： 1)關(guān)聯(lián)詞的搭配。 2)前一分句倒裝，后一分句不倒裝。 （2016江蘇卷）Not until recent

13、ly ________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged C. did they encourage D. they encouraged 〖答案〗C 〖解析〗考查部分倒裝。當(dāng)not until所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)放在句首的時(shí)候，主句要使用部分倒裝句。排除A、D項(xiàng)；上下文中并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出過(guò)去的過(guò)去時(shí)間，B項(xiàng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，排除B項(xiàng)。句意：直到最近他們才鼓勵(lì)在農(nóng)村地區(qū)開(kāi)展與旅游業(yè)有關(guān)的活動(dòng)。故選C。[zx.x

14、k] 2. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _________ with my progress. A. the teacher is not satisfied B.is the teacher not satisfied C. the teacher is satisfied D.is the teacher satisfied 〖答案〗D 3.以so開(kāi)頭，用 ＂so＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＂表示前面敘述的情況也適合于另一個(gè)人或物，意為＂也，同樣，也如此＂。

15、表示前面敘述的否定情況也適合于另一個(gè)人或物，用＂neither/nor＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＂。  Society has changed and so have the people in it.社會(huì)變了，人也變了。 注意： 1)當(dāng)so表示對(duì)前句內(nèi)容的肯定、符合，或進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)前面所說(shuō)的情況，或者贊同前面的說(shuō)法時(shí)，應(yīng)用自然語(yǔ)序。意為 ＂的確，正是＂。 —Tom works hard.湯姆工作很賣(mài)力。 —So he does and so do you.的確如此，你也是。 2）倒裝部分的助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和形式要與前句相一致。 If you don

16、’t go，neither/nor shall I.（If you don’t go，I shall not go.）你不去，我也不去。 注意：表示前面的多種情況也適合于另一人或物，或者既有肯定又有否定情況或涉及到不同類(lèi)型的動(dòng)詞時(shí)可用：It is the same with sth./sb.或 So it is with sth./sb.句型。 She does well in English，but is poor in maths. So it is with Lucy. 她英語(yǔ)學(xué)得好，但數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)得差，露茜也是如此。 —Why, this is nothing but co

17、mmon vegetable soup! —________， madam. It’s our soup of the day. A. Let me see B. So it is C. Don’t mention it D. Neither do I 〖答案〗B 〖解析〗答語(yǔ)意為：是這樣的，女士。這就是我們今天的湯。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)可知，第二個(gè)人同意第一個(gè)人說(shuō)的話(huà)，因此用＂So＋主語(yǔ)＋助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞＂結(jié)構(gòu)，意為＂的確如此＂。 4.由as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句要用部分倒裝或前置。句式為：表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞原形＋as＋主語(yǔ)＋其他。如： Clever as he

18、is，he doesn’t study well. 雖然他很聰明，但他學(xué)習(xí)不好。 Child as he is， he knows a lot. 雖然他是個(gè)孩子，但他懂得不少事情。 Much as I like it，I won’t buy it. 雖然我非常喜歡它，但我不買(mǎi)。 Try as she might， she failed. 雖然她試過(guò)了，但還是失敗了。 注意：表語(yǔ)前的名詞無(wú)形容詞修飾時(shí)冠詞要省略 ________, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. A. Strange

19、 as might it sound B.As it might sound strange C.As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound 〖答案〗D 5.在so...that從句中，如果so＋adj./adv.放在句首，其主句要倒裝。 So loudly did he speak that everyone could hear him. 他講話(huà)聲音足夠大，以至于每個(gè)人都能聽(tīng)得見(jiàn)。 ________ about wild plants that they decided to

20、make a trip to Madagascar for further research. A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious 〖答案〗B 〖解析〗句意：這對(duì)夫婦對(duì)于野生植物是那樣的好奇；以致于他們決定去馬達(dá)加斯加進(jìn)一步研究。主語(yǔ)是couple, 所以謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；該句子用部分倒裝， so修飾的形容詞或副詞提到句首。 6.如果虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)含有wer

21、e，should ，were可以把if省略而將這三個(gè)詞放于條件句主語(yǔ)前構(gòu)成倒裝。 If it hadn’t been for their help，we couldn’t have finished the work on time. ＝Hadn’t it been for their help，we couldn’t have finished the work on time. 要不是由于他們的幫助，我們不可能按時(shí)完成那項(xiàng)工作。 If there should be a flood，what would we do? ＝Should there be a flood，w

22、hat would we do? 要是發(fā)了洪水，我們?cè)撛趺崔k呢？ ________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting. A. Did he catch B. should be catch C. has he caught D. Had he caught 〖答案〗D 7.頻度副詞及短語(yǔ)often，always，now and then ，many a time ，every other day等放在句首時(shí)有時(shí)也倒裝。 Many a time

23、 has he come to comfort me.他來(lái)安慰了我好多次。 Often did he warn them not to do so.他經(jīng)常告誡他們不要那樣去做。 8.某些表示祝愿句子也用倒?fàn)钫Z(yǔ)序。 May you succeed.祝你成功！ Long live the Communist Party of China!中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨萬(wàn)歲！ 方法技巧點(diǎn)撥 1. 考前應(yīng)認(rèn)真研讀高考題目，了解命題人的意圖，對(duì)高考方向有所把握。 2.倒裝句在句式上考生不是很習(xí)慣，故考生得從多方面入手，熟悉各種倒裝句式，以不變應(yīng)萬(wàn)變。 3.要注意倒裝句中的主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致及人稱(chēng)

24、一致等問(wèn)題。 4.加強(qiáng)理解分析能力，切忌機(jī)械記憶，注意知識(shí)間的交叉，分清句子成分。 5.在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中盡最大努力運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)，達(dá)到熟能生巧的目的。 題組一 能力過(guò)關(guān) I.完成句子 1. ________(as, strange, may, sound, it), I was very pleased it was over. 2. Short ________(it, is，as), China’s first ＂space class＂ conveys so much knowledge and is certainly of great importance.

25、 3. ________had she begun________ she heard someone running up the stairs. 4. ________(I, spend) more time on my studies instead of being addicted to computer games, I would be working in a chain company of Microsoft. 5. －Under no circumstances________(you, leave) the door to the Data Centre unloc

26、ked. －I promise I’ll be more careful in future. 6. Only when the last tree has died and the last river has been poisoned________(we，realize) we cannot eat money. 7. If a healthy environment is gone, ________ everything that our life depends on.（……也如此) II.項(xiàng)填空 1. ________ by keeping down costs wi

27、ll Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet 2. Only in this way ________ to make improvements in the operating system. A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope 3. Not until he left his home ______

28、 to know how important the family was for him. A. did he begin B. had he begun C. he began D. he had begun 4. John opened the door. There ________ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand　　　　　 B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl 5. —Was i

29、t because of his shortsightedness ________ he was turned down by the company? —No, it was because of his poor performance. A. when B. that C. what D. how 6. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ________ properly in this hospital. A. can be the patients treate

30、d B. can the patients be treated C. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients 7. At no time ________ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. A. they actually broke B.do they actually break C. did they actually break D. they had actually brok

31、en 8.＂Never for a second，＂ the boy says, ＂________that my father would come to my rescue.＂ A.I doubted B.do I doubt C.I have doubted D. did I doubt 題組二 體驗(yàn)真題 1.(2015天津) Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home. A. she realized

32、 B. has she realized C. she has realized D. did she realize 2.（2014 ? 全國(guó)大綱卷）________ the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well. A. Not do only B. Do not only C. Only not do D. Not only do 3.（2014陜西）No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than

33、 the audience broke into thunderous applause. A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C. has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has 4.（2014 ? 湖南）Only when you can find peace in your heart ________ good relationships with others. A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you kept D. did y

34、ou keep 題組一 能力過(guò)關(guān) I.完成句子 1.Strange as it may sound 〖解析〗考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：盡管這聽(tīng)起來(lái)有點(diǎn)怪，但是我很開(kāi)心它結(jié)束了。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，意為＂雖然，盡管＂，從句用部分倒裝的形式，即＂形容詞/副詞/零冠詞的名詞/動(dòng)詞原形等＋as＋主語(yǔ)＂。 3.No sooner; than/Hardly; when 〖解析〗考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。hardly...when..., no sooner...than...意為＂一……就……＂。主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。另外，當(dāng)把hardly/no sooner置于句首時(shí)，主

35、句要用部分倒裝。 4.Had I spent 〖解析〗考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和特殊句式。由句意可知，逗號(hào)前為條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣句，從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用＂had＋過(guò)去分詞＂，當(dāng)從句中省略了引導(dǎo)詞if時(shí)，從句用部分倒裝，即將助動(dòng)詞had提到從句的主語(yǔ)之前，句子還原為：If I had spent more time on my studies instead of being addicted to computer games... 5.should you leave 〖解析〗考查倒裝句。句意：——你無(wú)論如何都不能不鎖數(shù)據(jù)中心的門(mén)就走了?！掖饝?yīng)你下次我會(huì)注意的。un

36、der no circumstance相當(dāng)于in no case/in no way/on no account/by no means/never，意為＂決不＂，置于句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝，即：將助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前。若句中沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需要添加助動(dòng)詞do, does或did，并將其置于主語(yǔ)前。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處有責(zé)怪的意思，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用should。 6.will we realize 〖解析〗考查倒裝。當(dāng)only強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)且位于句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝。如：Only by working hard can you make progress.＝Y(jié)ou can make p

37、rogress only by working hard.只有努力才能取得進(jìn)步。 7.so is 〖解析〗考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：如果有益于健康的環(huán)境消失了，我們生活所依賴(lài)的一切也將消失。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，前面提到的事也適用于后面的事物，且為肯定含義，因此用＂so＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＂結(jié)構(gòu)。 II.項(xiàng)填空 3.A 〖解析〗考查倒裝句。句意：直到離開(kāi)家，他才開(kāi)始意識(shí)到這個(gè)家對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是何等的重要。not until引導(dǎo)的從句置于句首時(shí)，主句需用部分倒裝。主從句的動(dòng)作基本同時(shí)發(fā)生，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 4.D 〖解析〗副詞there，here等位于句首，應(yīng)用完全倒裝句式。句意：約翰打開(kāi)門(mén)，他從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)

38、的一位女孩站在那兒。 5.B 〖解析〗句意：＂他是因?yàn)榻暥还揪芙^的嗎？＂＂不，是因?yàn)樗脑愀獗憩F(xiàn)。＂分析句子成分可知，問(wèn)句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句形式，故選that。[Zx.xk] 6.B　〖解析〗考查倒裝句。句意：只有在提高這家醫(yī)院醫(yī)生的數(shù)量50%之后，病人們才能在醫(yī)院里得到良好的治療。 only加上強(qiáng)調(diào)的介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首，句子需用部分倒裝。 7.C　〖解析〗考查倒裝。否定介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首，用部分倒裝。根據(jù)后面＂it was unfair to punish them＂中謂語(yǔ)是過(guò)去時(shí)，所以選C而不選B。 8.D　〖解析〗考查倒裝用法。否定副詞never放于句首時(shí)，句

39、子須用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即把助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)的前面；根據(jù)引號(hào)里的賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)可知，主句要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選D項(xiàng)。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：考生審題不清，容易被the boy says干擾，不知道使用倒裝句或者使用與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)，而誤選其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。 題組二 體驗(yàn)真題 1.D 〖解析〗句意：只有當(dāng)莉莉走進(jìn)辦公室的時(shí)候，她才意識(shí)到她把合同忘家里了。本題考查only位于句首，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句要主謂倒裝。根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)和句意可知選D。 2.D 〖解析〗考查倒裝句。句意：護(hù)士們不僅要求漲工資而且要求減少勞動(dòng)時(shí)間。此處后面的but also被省略，not only引導(dǎo)的句子置于句首時(shí)，需部分倒裝。故選D

40、。 3.A 〖解析〗no sooner...than...結(jié)構(gòu)中的no sooner置于句首時(shí)，其后的從句用部分倒裝。 4.A 〖解析〗考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)用法。Only修飾的狀語(yǔ)（從句）位于句首時(shí)，句子的主句要用部分倒裝。即Only+狀語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)從句+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)從句的can可以排除D項(xiàng)。句意：只有當(dāng)你在你心中找到寧?kù)o的時(shí)候，你才會(huì)與其他人保持好的關(guān)系。故選A。 6EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F375