搭扣零件的沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì),搭扣,零件,沖壓,工藝,模具設(shè)計(jì) Modern mold making I .The stamping die development history and status of technology In 1953, the Changchun First Automobile Works in China for the first time established a die shop, the car plant in 1958 began manufacturing automotive panel die. 60 years of the 20th century began producing fine blanking dies. Come a long road of development, China has formed about 300 billion (not including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan statistics.) Production capacity of various types of stamping dies. Formed, such as Ningbo and Zhejiang HUANGYAN region Die village; Guangdong Corporation and some large rapid rise of township enterprises, K el o n, M id e a, K on ka and other groups have established their own mold manufacturing center; joint ventures and wholly foreign-owned the mold companies now have thousands. With the pace with international standards continues to accelerate, increasing market competition, production and design of the mold has been growing recognition that product quality, cost, and new product development capacities. Mold manufacturing technology to measure a countrys manufacturing sector has become an important indicator of the level, and largely determine the survival space. At present, China stamping die, whether in quantity or in quality, technology and other capabilities have made significant progress, but with national needs and the world advanced level, the gap is still great. In the international competition situation, I had the mold industry has rapidly developed, many specialized research centers continue to die set up, mold steel of the structure and made significant achievements, but there is still a big gap. First, imports of high-tech mold most of the large precision molds, mold and exports most of the lower middle and low-tech die, so high-tech high-grade die stamping die market, the overall satisfaction rate is lower than satisfaction rate, which mold development has lagged behind the production of stamping parts, and low-technology market to meet the rate of middle and low die stamping die is higher than the overall market to meet the rate; second is due to the price of the mold is much lower than international market prices, has some competition force, so its prospects in the international market; third in recent years, Hong Kong-and Taiwan-owned, foreign-funded enterprises in China developed rapidly in a large number of these enterprises stamping dies produced for own use no precise statistics, it is not included in the figures being. II. Modern mold manufacturing technology development The development of modern technology should die mold products to meet the short delivery time, high precision, good quality, low price request for service. Urgent need to develop to meet this requirement as a number of (1) to comprehensively promote universal DBD / DBM / DBE technology Die DBD / DBM / DBE technology is the development direction of mold design and manufacturing. With the computer software development and progress, universal DBD / DBM / DBE technology, conditions are ripe, the businesses will increase DBD / DBM technical training and technical service efforts; further expand the scope of DBE technology. The development of computers and networks are making DBD / DBM / DBE technology trans-regional, cross-enterprise, campus-wide in the industry as possible to promote and achieve re-integration of technical resources to enable virtual manufacturing possible. (2) High-speed milling The development of foreign high-speed milling process in recent years, significantly improve the processing efficiency, and to get a high surface finish. In addition, the module can also be processed with high hardness, but also with low temperature rise, thermal deformation and so on. High-speed milling technology, automotive, home appliance manufacturing industry in the large cavity mold injected new vitality. It currently has more agile, intelligent, integrated direction. (3) die scanning and digitizing system High-speed scanner provides scanning system and mold from the model or in kind to the processing of the scanned model of the desired number of features required, greatly reducing the manufacturing cycle in the development of mold. Some quick scan system can be quickly installed in existing CNC milling machine and machining center, for fast data acquisition, automatic generation of a variety of CNC machining process, the DBD data in different formats, for mold manufacturing reverse engineering . (4) the degree of standardization to improve die Degree of standardization of the mold is increasing, estimates that the current use of standard mold coverage has reached about 30%. Developed countries is generally about 80%. (6) high-quality materials and advanced surface treatment technology Application of high quality steel and the corresponding surface treatment technology to improve the life of the mold it is very necessary. Mold heat treatment and surface treatment can fully mold steel material properties play a key part. Direction of development of mold heat treatment is the use of vacuum heat treatment. In addition to the mold surface should improve the development of advanced technologies such as laser surface treatment. (7) Mold Polishing Automation, intelligent mold surface quality of mold life, the appearance of quality parts and so have a greater impact of automation and intelligence of the grinding and polishing methods replace the existing manual in order to improve the quality of the mold surface is important trends. (8) die development of automatic processing system This is our long-term development goals mold industry. Automatic mold machine processing system should be more than the rational combination; with accompanying plate positioning fixture or positioning; a complete equipment, tool CNC database; a complete CNC flexible synchronization system; a quality monitoring and control system. Of course, as the user to choose the right equipment, if the selection properly, not only can not make money but make the machine work into the bitter situation. III. Modern mold manufacturing technology trends Die technology is mainly towards the future development trend of information technology, high-speed high-precision production and development. Therefore, the design technology, the development focus is to promote DBD / DBE / DBM technology, and continue to improve efficiency, especially in sheet metal forming process of the computer simulation analysis. Die DBD, DBE technology should be declared human, integration, intelligence and network direction, and improve the mold DBD, DBM system-specific level. To improve the DBD, DBE, DBM technology, establish a complete database and development of the mold expert systems and improve software usability is very important. From the processing technology, the development focused on high-speed processing and precision machining. At present, the development of highly processed high-speed milling, high speed polishing and high-speed electronic processing and rapid tooling technologies. At present, the development of precision machining parts precision mold and the surface roughness of less 1m Pa 0.1m variety of precision machining. , I V. the modern mold manufacturing 1.CAD/CAE/CAM computer-aided design, simulation, manufacturing integration CAD / CAE / CAM integration, integration technology is the most advanced modern mold making the most reasonable mode of production. Use of computer-aided design, support engineering and manufacturing systems, according to the respective mold parts designed to prepare the NC machining of parts from design to manufacturing process is an inevitable process, which is from CAD / CAE / CAM system carried out, The processing line cable input directly from the processing machine, can be used in the preparation of procedures of processing the system analog functions, will be part tool, tool holder, fixture, platform and tool speed, path, etc. are displayed, to check the program prepared correctness. In short the CAD / CAE / CAM system development and simulation of processing can not fully understand the problems identified, resulting in processing prior to prepare the complete set of processing change work, which for the efficient and accurate processing of the mold has a very important part . 2. Advanced equipment in the modern mold making role The inevitable trend of modern mold making, machining is possible to replace the manual process, especially now that CNC lathes, multi-axis machine tools, CNC mold engraving machine, EDM machine, CNC precision grinding machines, coordinate measuring machines, scanners and other modern equipment widely used in factories, but most of these devices are basically the application of the procedures used CAD / CAE / CAM system to produce, the operator of work procedures in accordance with the provisions of work piece clamping, with a cutting tool and operation of the machine will be able to automatically complete the processing tasks, and created the ideal mold parts or complete the processing operation for the next part. 3. Die materials and surface treatment technology Due to improper selection and use of materials, resulting in premature failure of the mold, which accounts for more than 45% die failure. Price structure throughout the mold, the materials, the proportion of small, generally 20% to 30%, therefore, the choice of high quality steel and application of surface treatment technology to improve the life of the mold it is very necessary. For tool steel, the ESR technique to be used, such as the use of powder metallurgy high speed steel powders manufactured. Variety of different specifications tool steel, refined products, products of, try to shorten the delivery time is also an important trend. Mold heat treatment of the main trends: the infiltration of a single element to the multi-element penetration, complex permeability (such as TD method) development; by the general spread of the CVD, PVD, PCVD, ion penetration, ion implantation and other direction; addition, the current laser enhanced glow plasma technology and electroplating (plating) and other anti-corrosion technology to strengthen more and more attention. V.reverse engineering Reverse engineering is the first of the parts (the processing of the product) to scan the CAD data generated in multiple formats, and then in the other CAD / CAE / CAM software in the modified design, the technology is the most popular modern mold manufacturing mold manufacturing technology. mold manufacturing company dedicated to development and production of the scanning system, it can be successfully applied to reverse engineering, mold manufacturing, it can not only improve the performance of CNC machine tools, expanding the function of CNC machine tools, CNC machine tools but also improve efficiency., Renscan200, Cyclone high-speed scanner has been Qingdao H a I e r, Jinan Q I n g q i, national mold center and other units started. V I .Summary and Outlook With the development and progress of computer software, CAD / CAE / CAM technology is getting more mature, and its application in the modern mold will become more widespread. Can be expected in the near future, mold manufacturing to separate from the machine manufacturing industry, and independent national economy to become an indispensable pillar industries, while also further promote the integration of the mold manufacturing technology, intelligence, beneficiary , efficient direction. 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)題目 搭扣零件的沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生姓名 專業(yè)班級(jí) 學(xué) 號(hào) 指導(dǎo)教師 教 研 室 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì) 起止時(shí)間 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的任務(wù)、目的與要求 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是整個(gè)教學(xué)過程中極為重要的環(huán)節(jié)。其目的是通過畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)提高學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)分析與解決工程實(shí)際問題的能力，培養(yǎng)求是、創(chuàng)新的科學(xué)態(tài)度，養(yǎng)成嚴(yán)肅、認(rèn)真、細(xì)致地從事技術(shù)工作的優(yōu)良作風(fēng)。 本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的任務(wù)是對(duì)給定零件搭扣（見附圖）進(jìn)行沖壓工藝性分析，提出各種可能的沖壓工藝方案，經(jīng)過分析與論證確定適合于給定生產(chǎn)條件的最佳工藝方案。進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的工藝計(jì)算，選擇沖壓設(shè)備，編制出工藝文件。然后設(shè)計(jì)出指定的沖壓模具。要求使用三維造型軟件（Pro/E，UG，CATIA）進(jìn)行模具的造型設(shè)計(jì)，優(yōu)先使用三維造型軟件進(jìn)行工程圖繪制，在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)中要注意設(shè)計(jì)理念，設(shè)計(jì)方法與手段的創(chuàng)新。 本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的具體要求如下： 1. 作好設(shè)計(jì)的前期準(zhǔn)備，收集必要的原始資料，了解沖壓工藝及模具技術(shù)發(fā)展新動(dòng)態(tài)。要求查閱與本課題有關(guān)的資料10篇以上，其中外文資料不少于一篇，要求翻譯英文文獻(xiàn)一篇，英文字符在1.2萬字以上。 2. 結(jié)合課題進(jìn)行實(shí)習(xí)和調(diào)研，寫出開題報(bào)告。主要內(nèi)容：課題的目的、意義、國內(nèi)外研究動(dòng)態(tài)；課題的主要內(nèi)容和創(chuàng)新之處，設(shè)計(jì)方案及實(shí)施計(jì)劃。 3. 制定工藝規(guī)程，完成沖壓工藝過程卡一份。 4. 繪制指定工序的沖壓模具圖紙1～2套（含完整的裝配圖、零件圖，工作量不少于3A0），圖紙應(yīng)符合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，符合工廠生產(chǎn)用圖的要求。 5. 撰寫畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書，字?jǐn)?shù)在1.5萬字以上。中文摘要350字以內(nèi)，外文摘要與中文摘要對(duì)應(yīng)。全部設(shè)計(jì)文件及附件符合規(guī)范化要求，祥見本院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）工作手冊(cè)。 6. 生產(chǎn)條件：按中型企業(yè)。生產(chǎn)類型：大量 主要參考文獻(xiàn)與資料： [1] [2] 中國機(jī)械工程學(xué)會(huì). 中國模具設(shè)計(jì)大典[M]. 南昌：江西科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社，2003 [3] 許發(fā)樾. 模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造手冊(cè)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2000 [4] 《沖壓模具手冊(cè)》編寫組. 沖模設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，1999 [5] 馮柄堯等. 模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造簡(jiǎn)明手冊(cè)[M]. 上海：上海科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社，1998 [6] 馬正元等. 沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2000 [7] 肖景容等. 沖壓工藝學(xué)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2000 [8] 李云程等. 模具制造工藝學(xué)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2000 [9] 黃費(fèi)哲等. 冷沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì)指導(dǎo)[M]. 常德：湖南文理學(xué)院，2005 [10] 通過校園網(wǎng)維普中文期刊數(shù)據(jù)庫檢索模具設(shè)計(jì)方面的論文10篇以上。 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)進(jìn)度安排： 1. 畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)與畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)研階段：（2011.1.18～2.25） 2. 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開題報(bào)告階段：（2010.11.15～12.15） 3. 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)主要工作階段：（2011.2.26～5.21） （1） 分析比較和確定工藝方案； （2） 工藝計(jì)算、選擇設(shè)備和制定工藝規(guī)程； （3） 確定模具類型和結(jié)構(gòu)型式，繪制方案設(shè)計(jì)圖； (4) 繪制零件模具零件工組圖； (5) 繪制模具裝配圖； (6) 完成設(shè)計(jì)說明書初稿； (7) 修改設(shè)計(jì)圖紙及設(shè)計(jì)說明書； (8) 準(zhǔn)備畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)答辯； 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)答辯階段：（2011.5.21～5.29） 題 申 報(bào) 與 審 查 指導(dǎo)教師（簽名）： 年 月 日 教研室主任（簽名）： 年 月 日 系教學(xué)主任（簽名）： 年 月 日 II 機(jī)械工程學(xué)院2009年畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)資料＿4 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開題報(bào)告書 題 目 搭扣零件的沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生姓名 ＿ ＿ ＿＿＿ ＿＿ 學(xué) 號(hào) ＿＿ 200715010327＿ ＿ 專業(yè)班級(jí) ＿ ＿機(jī)自07103＿＿ ＿＿ 指導(dǎo)老師 ＿ ＿王鵬飛＿＿ ＿＿＿＿ 機(jī)　械　工　程　學(xué)　院 2010年 12月 10日 論文（設(shè)計(jì)）題目 搭扣的沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì) 課題目的、意義及相關(guān)研究動(dòng)態(tài)： 課題目的: 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是整個(gè)教學(xué)過程中極為重要的環(huán)節(jié)。其目的是通過畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)提高學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)分析與解決工程實(shí)際問題的能力，培養(yǎng)求是、創(chuàng)新的科學(xué)態(tài)度，養(yǎng)成嚴(yán)肅、認(rèn)真、細(xì)致地從事技術(shù)工作的優(yōu)良作風(fēng)。 本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的任務(wù)是對(duì)給定零件搭扣（見附圖）進(jìn)行沖壓工藝性分析，提出各種可能的沖壓工藝方案，經(jīng)過分析與論證確定適合于給定生產(chǎn)條件的最佳工藝方案。進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的工藝計(jì)算，選擇沖壓設(shè)備，編制出工藝文件。然后設(shè)計(jì)出指定的沖壓模具。要求使用三維造型軟件（Pro/E，UG，CATIA）進(jìn)行模具的造型設(shè)計(jì)，優(yōu)先使用三維造型軟件進(jìn)行工程圖繪制，在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)中要注意設(shè)計(jì)理念，設(shè)計(jì)方法與手段的創(chuàng)新。 課題的意義及研究動(dòng)態(tài): 提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、降低成本、擴(kuò)大沖壓工藝應(yīng)用范圍；提高沖壓零件精度、減少制造周期、提高模具壽命；模具的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化及專業(yè)化、管理的統(tǒng)一化及等級(jí)化；提高專業(yè)人員的技術(shù)水平。 沖壓是利用安裝在沖壓設(shè)備上的模具對(duì)材料施加壓力，使其產(chǎn)生分離或塑性變形，從而獲得所需零件的一種壓力加工方法[5]。由于沖壓加工具有許多突出的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因此在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，尤其是大批量生產(chǎn)中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。從精細(xì)的電子元件、儀表指針到汽車的覆蓋件、高壓容器封頭以及航空航天器的蒙皮、機(jī)身等均需沖壓加工。隨著工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的不斷發(fā)展和生產(chǎn)技術(shù)水平不斷提高，不少過去用鑄造、鍛造、切削加工方法制造的零件，已被質(zhì)量輕、剛度好的沖壓件所代替[6]。 我國沖壓模具無論在數(shù)量上，還是在質(zhì)量、技術(shù)和能力等方面都已有了很大發(fā)展，但與國民經(jīng)濟(jì)需求和世界先進(jìn)水平相比，差距仍很大，一些大型、精密、復(fù)雜、長(zhǎng)壽命的高檔模具每年仍大量進(jìn)口，特別是中高檔轎車的覆蓋件模具，目前仍主要依靠進(jìn)口。一些低檔次的簡(jiǎn)單沖模，已趨供過于求，市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈[7]。我國沖壓模具產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量水平低主要表現(xiàn)在精度、表面粗糙度、壽命及模具的復(fù)雜程度上；生產(chǎn)工藝水平低則主要表現(xiàn)在加工工藝、加工裝備等方面[8]。 雖然近年來我國模具行業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，但是離國內(nèi)的需要和國際水平還有很大的差距。制造產(chǎn)業(yè)是一個(gè)國家的綜合國力及技術(shù)水平的體現(xiàn)，而模具行業(yè)的發(fā)展是制造產(chǎn)業(yè)的關(guān)鍵。針對(duì)這種情況，國家出臺(tái)了相應(yīng)的政策，正積極發(fā)展模具制造產(chǎn)業(yè)。 課題的主要內(nèi)容（觀點(diǎn)）、創(chuàng)新之處： 本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的任務(wù)是對(duì)給定零件搭扣（見附圖）進(jìn)行沖壓工藝性分析，提出各種可能的沖壓工藝方案，經(jīng)過分析與論證確定適合于給定生產(chǎn)條件的最佳工藝方案。進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的工藝計(jì)算，選擇沖壓設(shè)備，編制出工藝文件。然后設(shè)計(jì)出指定的沖壓模具。要求使用三維造型軟件（Pro/E，UG，CATIA）進(jìn)行模具的造型設(shè)計(jì)，優(yōu)先使用三維造型軟件進(jìn)行工程圖繪制，在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)中要注意設(shè)計(jì)理念，設(shè)計(jì)方法與手段的創(chuàng)新。 本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的具體要求如下： 1.作好設(shè)計(jì)的前期準(zhǔn)備，收集必要的原始資料，了解沖壓工藝及模具技術(shù)發(fā)展新動(dòng)態(tài)。要求查閱與本課題有關(guān)的資料10篇以上，其中外文資料不少于一篇，要求翻譯英文文獻(xiàn)一篇，英文字符在1.2萬字以上。 2.結(jié)合課題進(jìn)行實(shí)習(xí)和調(diào)研，寫出開題報(bào)告。主要內(nèi)容：課題的目的、意義、國內(nèi)外研究動(dòng)態(tài)；課題的主要內(nèi)容和創(chuàng)新之處，設(shè)計(jì)方案及實(shí)施計(jì)劃。 3.制定工藝規(guī)程，完成沖壓工藝過程卡一份。 4.繪制指定工序的沖壓模具圖紙1～2套（含完整的裝配圖、零件圖，工作量不少于3A0），圖紙應(yīng)符合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，符合工廠生產(chǎn)用圖的要求。 5.撰寫畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書，字?jǐn)?shù)在1.5萬字以上。中文摘要350字以內(nèi)，外文摘要與中文摘要對(duì)應(yīng)。全部設(shè)計(jì)文件及附件符合規(guī)范化要求，祥見本院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）工作手冊(cè)。 6.生產(chǎn)條件：按中型企業(yè)。生產(chǎn)類型：大量 完成期限和預(yù)期進(jìn)度： 1. 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)課題開題報(bào)告； 1周 2. 科技英語翻譯； 1周 3. 編制沖壓工藝規(guī)程； 0.5周 4. 設(shè)計(jì)成形工藝及模具；方案及合理性，可靠性論證； 1周 5. 設(shè)計(jì)及繪圖。模具裝配圖和非標(biāo)零件圖； 6.5周 6. 編制模具主要零件的加工工藝規(guī)程； 0.5周 7. 編制其中一套模具裝配說明書； 1周 8. 撰寫畢業(yè)論文； 1周 9. 準(zhǔn)備答辯。 0.5周 主要參考資料： [1] 中國機(jī)械工程學(xué)會(huì). 中國模具設(shè)計(jì)大典[M]. 南昌：江西科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社，2003 [2] 許發(fā)樾. 模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造手冊(cè)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2000 [3] 《沖壓模具手冊(cè)》編寫組. 沖模設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，1999 [4] 馮柄堯等. 模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造簡(jiǎn)明手冊(cè)[M]. 上海：上?？茖W(xué)技術(shù)出版社，1998 [5] 馬正元等. 沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2000 [6] 肖景容等. 沖壓工藝學(xué)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2000 [7] 李云程等. 模具制造工藝學(xué)[M]. 北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2000 [8] 黃費(fèi)哲等. 冷沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì)指導(dǎo)[M]. 常德：湖南文理學(xué)院，2005 [9] 通過校園網(wǎng)維普中文期刊數(shù)據(jù)庫檢索模具設(shè)計(jì)方面的論文10篇以上。 指導(dǎo)教師意見： 簽名： 年 月 日 開 題 報(bào) 告 會(huì) 紀(jì) 要 時(shí) 間 地 點(diǎn) 與 會(huì) 人 員 姓 名 職務(wù)（職稱） 姓 名 職務(wù)（職稱） 姓 名 職務(wù)（職稱） 會(huì)議記錄摘要： 會(huì)議主持人： 記 錄 人： 年 月 日 教研室意見 教研室主任簽名： 年 月 日