專題17 閱讀理解——廣告應(yīng)用文 方法與技巧 廣告類閱讀題內(nèi)容主要涉及的是與人們生活息息相關(guān)的信息，如產(chǎn)品宣傳、服務(wù)介紹、招生招聘等。 廣告應(yīng)用文的特點(diǎn)：標(biāo)題醒目，重點(diǎn)突出，條理清楚。 廣告類閱讀材料的用詞有以下“三多”特點(diǎn)：一是人名、地名、專有名詞多；二是生詞多；三是縮略詞、省略句多。 命題形式： 廣告類閱讀是近幾年高考英語閱讀理解最?？嫉念}材，在閱讀理解的選材中占有很大的比重命題者的目的是要考查考生提取信息和處理信息的能力，所以命題的題型多是以獲取信息為主的細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 解題技巧： 解答此類試題，可以從以下幾個方面著手考慮： 一般來說，廣告信息類閱讀文章的內(nèi)容豐富，如產(chǎn)品廣告、招聘廣告、風(fēng)景名勝介紹、房房屋出租、招生廣告、演出廣告、節(jié)目介紹等。廣告類閱讀理解的突出特點(diǎn)是題干長、信息量豐富，所以該文體通常以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主要題型；命題所涉及的信息往往具有位置分散、覆蓋面廣等特點(diǎn)。 在解決廣告類閱讀文章的細(xì)節(jié)解題時，考生要能迅速捕捉和解題相關(guān)的有效信息，通過分析、比較、歸納和推理等手段選出正確答案，排除不符合題意和文意的選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)廣告類閱讀文章信息量大的特點(diǎn)，考生可以先瀏覽文章后面的問題，然后帶著問題看文章，這樣，在閱讀過程中可以大膽忽略和解題無關(guān)的信息，快速抓住有效信息，以達(dá)到正確解題的目的。 廣告應(yīng)用文閱讀是高考閱讀理解中難度最低的一種題型，這是必須得滿分的試題。對待這種題一定要穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打，力爭得滿分。 體驗(yàn)高考 [2017·北京卷] B Inspiring young minds! TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children's publishing, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month. What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine? Well, it has no ads or promotions inside—instead it is jam­packed with serious ideas. TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy(哲學(xué))—and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine. What's inside? Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make—the magazine also explores philosophy and well­being to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life. Sounds too good to be true？ Take a look online—evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends. Happy Birthday All Year！ What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month? The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 SUBSCRIBE NOW □Annual Subscription Europe ￡55　Rest of World ￡65 □Annual Subscription with Gift Pack Includes a Mammoth Map, a Passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription Europe ￡60　Rest of World ￡70 Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back. 59.Why is TOKNOW a special magazine? A．It entertains young parents. B．It provides serious advertisements. C．It publishes popular science fictions. D．It combines fun with complex concepts. 60．What does TOKNOW offer its readers? A．Online courses. B．Articles on new topics. C．Lectures on a balanced life. D．Reports on scientific discoveries. 61．How much should you pay if you make a 12­month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China? A．￡55. B．￡60. C．￡65. D．￡70. 62．Subscribers of TOKNOW would get ________． A．free birthday presents B．full refund within 28 days C．membership of the TOKNOW club D．chances to meet the experts in person 【文章大意】 本文是一則廣告，介紹了 TOKNOW雜志以其獨(dú)特的觀點(diǎn)和趣味性在兒童中很受歡迎。該雜志沒有廣告，內(nèi)容創(chuàng)新，文章新穎，家長和父母都將其推薦給身邊的朋友。 59．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children…”可知這本雜志寓教于樂，故答案為 D。 61．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Annual Subscription with Gift Pack部分可知除歐洲外其他地區(qū)需要70英鎊， 所以答案為 D。 62．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從“Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.”可知：28天內(nèi)可以退款。 因此答案為 B。 [2017·江蘇卷] A CHRONOLOGICA —The Unbelievable Years that Defined History DID YOU KNOW… ※ In 105 AD paper was invented in China? ※ When Columbus discovered the New World? ※ The British Museum opened in 1759? CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time，from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the Internet. Along the way are tales of kings and queens，hot air balloons…and monkeys in space. Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor wasn't always as good as it sounds，how the Hundred Years' War didn't actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record. CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history，beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts. While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great，this book also gives an account of the lives of lesser­known individuals including the explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum. This complete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old，and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new！ 56.What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text? A．A biography. B．A travel guide. C．A history book. D．A science fiction. 57．How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers? A．By giving details of its collection. B．By introducing some of its contents. C．By telling stories at the beginning. D．By comparing it with other books. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇廣告應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了歷史書CHRONOLOGICA的內(nèi)容、特點(diǎn)、合適的讀者群體等。 57. B　寫作方法題。通讀全文可知，本文首段介紹該書內(nèi)容，接著說明該書的時間跨度，其中含有對羅馬皇帝等內(nèi)容的介紹，據(jù)此可知，本文是通過介紹部分內(nèi)容的方法向讀者推薦該書的。故B項(xiàng)正確。 [2017·全國卷Ⅰ] A Pacific Science Centre Guide ◆Visit Pacific Science Centre's Store Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Centre's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome. ◆Hungry? Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our cafe offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The cafe is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Centre closes. ◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required. ◆Support Pacific Science Centre Since 1962, Pacific Science Centre has been inspiring a passion(熱情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, maths and technology. Today, Pacific Science Centre serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry­based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecentre.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Centre. 21．Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Centre? A．In Building 1. B．In Building 3. C．At the Laser Dome. D．At the Denny Way entrance. 22．What does Pacific Science Centre do for schools? A．Train science teachers. B．Distribute science books. C．Inspire scientific research. D．Take science to the classroom. 23．What is the purpose of the last part of the text? A．To encourage donations. B．To advertise coming events. C．To introduce special exhibits. D．To tell about the Centre's history. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇廣告應(yīng)用文。文章主要從購物點(diǎn)、就餐點(diǎn)、租借服務(wù)三方面介紹了Pacific Science Centre，并展示了Pacific Science Centre為人們做的貢獻(xiàn)，呼吁人們的支持。 22. D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Today, Pacific Science Centre serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry­based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.”可知，現(xiàn)在Pacific Science Centre每年向130多萬人提供服務(wù)，并開始把科學(xué)教育帶到教室。故選D。 [2017·全國卷Ⅱ] A In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare's plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please come and join us. National Theatre of China　Beijing|Chinese This great occasion(盛會) will be the National Theatre of China's first visit to the UK. The company's productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare's Richard Ⅲ will be directed by the National's Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying. Date &Time：Saturday 28 April，2：30pm & Sunday 29 April，1：30pm & 6：30 pm Marjanishvili Theatre　Tbilisi | Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia，the Marjanishvili，founded in 1928，appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed(指導(dǎo))by the company's Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze. Date & Time：Friday 18 May，2：30 pm & Sunday 19 May，7：30 pm Deafinitely Theatre　London | British Sign Language (BSL) By translating the rich and humorous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL，Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience. Date &Time：Tuesday 22 May，2：30 pm & Wednesday 23 May，7：30 pm Habima National Theatre　Tel Aviv | Hebrew The Habima is the centre of Hebrew­language theatre worldwide. Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. Since 1958，they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel.This production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK. Date & Time：Monday 28 May，7：30 pm & Tuesday 29 May，7：30 pm 21．Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China? A．Richard Ⅲ. B．Love's Labour's Lost. C．As You Like It. D．The Merchant of Venice. 22．What is special about Deafinitely Theatre? A．It has two groups of actors. B．It is the leading theatre in London. C．It performs plays in BSL. D．It is good at producing comedies. 23．When can you see a play in Hebrew? A．On Saturday 28 April. B．On Sunday 29 April. C．On Tuesday 22 May. D．On Tuesday 29 May. 【文章大意】 這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了四則有關(guān)戲劇的廣告，主要介紹了用不同語言演繹莎士比亞戲劇的文化盛事。 21. A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一則廣告標(biāo)題和該段中第三句“This production of Shakespeare's Richard Ⅲ will be directed…”表明Richard Ⅲ將由中國大劇院表演。 23. D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四則廣告標(biāo)題和正文中均有Hebrew (希伯來語)的直接提示。表演時間：Monday 28 May；Tuesday 29 May。只有選項(xiàng)D與廣告原文相符。 [2017·全國卷Ⅲ] A San Francisco Fire Engine Tours San Francisco Winery Tour Running: February 1st through April 30th This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in ticket price) Departing from the Cannery: Tour times upon request Duration(時長)：2 hours Price：$90 Back to the Fifties Tour Running: August 16th through August 31st This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco's most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream. Departing from the Cannery: 5：00 pm and 7：30 pm Duration：2 hours Price：$90 Spooky Halloween Tour Running: October 10th through October 31st Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear(服裝) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco. Departing from the Cannery：6：30 pm and 8：30 pm Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes Price: Available upon request Holiday Lights Tour Running: December 6th through December 23rd This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit. Departing from the Cannery: 7：00 pm and 9：00 pm Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes Advance reservations required. 21．Which of the tours is available in March? A．San Francisco Winery Tour. B．Back to the Fifties Tour. C．Spooky Halloween Tour. D．Holiday Lights Tour. 22．What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour? A．Go to Treasure Island. B．Enjoy the holiday scenes. C．Have free ice cream. D．Visit the Presidio district. 23．What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour? A．Take some drinks. B．Set off early in the morning. C．Wear warm clothes. D．Make reservations in advance. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了舊金山消防車旅游的四個旅游項(xiàng)目：舊金山酒莊之旅，五十年代懷舊之旅，萬圣節(jié)幽靈之旅和假日花燈展之旅。 22. C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Back to the Fifties Tour部分中的“Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.”可知在這個旅游項(xiàng)目中，你能免費(fèi)品嘗冰激凌，故選C項(xiàng)。 23. D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Holiday Lights Tour部分中的“Advance reservations required.”可知假日花燈展之旅需要提前預(yù)訂，故選D項(xiàng)。 模擬新題精選 1. 【安徽省皖南八校2018屆高三第二次聯(lián)考】A Sanlinx Inc. first introduced its original market defining SayaJoy Soy Milk Maker over 14 years ego to the North America market. Now we are introducing the SoyaPower G4, the fourth generation of advanced soy milk makers replacing the top rated SayaPower Plu. The SoyaPower has been a best seller for nearly two years before it was replaced by the G4, with more favorable ratings than any other soy milk maker during its lifetime. The SoyaPower G4 retains all the SoyaPower Plus features and functions. It makes soy milk, almond milk from other nuts seeds, or grains or a combination of them It makes both fully cooked and raw milks. It even makes creamy soups and porridge and hot chocolate drink. The Main Improvements ●The G4 adds stainless steel to the lower part of the machine head, and thus makes the total grinding and cooking chamber all stainless steel. This is very important for people who are concerned of plastic leaching into food. ●The G4 changed to bottom heating like a typical electric water kettle. Since soy milk or soups are easily burnt onto bottom heating plate, many other bottom heating makers suffer from this problem. The G4 solved this problem by using advanced technologies and design. ●The perfect technology ensures excellent grinding and milk yields. It also makes the use and cleaning even easier. ●Eight push button functions, for making milks from soaked beans, dry beans, and other seeds and grains or combination of them. It also makes soups and porridge. It even has a function to make hot chocolate! 1. Why is the SoyaJoy G4 produced? A. SovaPower Plu sold badly B. The company is very famous C. The company wants to broaden market. D. The company intends to open the North America market. 2. What can we know about the g4 from the text? A. It can be used to fry chocolate B. It sometimes makes the soy milk burnt. C. It mainly serves for the people minding plastic. D. The most advanced technology is used on it. 3. What does the underlined word "retains" in paragraph 3 mean? A. keeps B. replaces C. obtains D. prohibits 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】文章介紹了一種新型暢銷的豆奶機(jī)SoyaPower G4的功能和各方面的改進(jìn)和提高。 1. C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Now we are introducing the SoyaPower G4, the fourth generation of advanced soy milk makers replacing the top rated SayaPower Plu.可知SoyaJoy G4的生產(chǎn)是為了取代原來產(chǎn)品，擴(kuò)大市場。故選C. 2. D 3. A猜測詞義題。此處指SoyaPower G4保留了SoyaPower Plus所有的特點(diǎn)和功能， "retains"保留，與keeps同義，故選A. 2. 【東北師大附中2015級高三第二次模擬】A Most Popular Experiences in Airbnb,come and choose one for you City Wild $24 2hours hiking&design As a research scientists in biology,I’ll lead you to weave through the North Beach and FiDi neighborhoods learning about the gardening and intentional design of the city’s green spaces.From hidden gardens packed with mediterranean plantings to Hilltop outlooks,and biodiverse trees,we will take on take on the vistas(街景)of the city from a fresh and green perspective. Explore the Art of Making Dumplings $58 4hours cooking&dumplings I will teach you different types of making dumplings at my studio,and after the lesson,we’ll eat what we have made,hot pot style!A few other things are also ready such as Chinese meatballs,fresh veggies,and sliced meat on the menu. Art’s Fairy Godmother $170 2days artists&nonprofit Visit my private collection,join for lunch with the artists I’m hosting,and visit some studios.The conversations will be as engaging as the people and art.100% of What you pay for this experience goes to The Fountainhead Fund under The Miami Foundation. Ultimate 4.5hours guitar&music After sharing my unique perspective as a rock songwriter and producer,we’ll set on stage for our advanced class at Sweetwater Music Hall,a historic music site that has hosted the best of best performers,and explores the guitar as a songwriting tool.After, we’ll head out into Mill Valley for busking(街頭賣藝）if the mood and weather suit us. 1. What is the hiking through the North Beach and FiDi neighborhoods for? A. Body and fitness B. Various man-made green land C. Research into biology D. Appreciation of the natural beauty 2. What are the man topics when chatting with “art’s fairy godmother”? A. Art collections and artists B. Charity work C. Music and art D. Food and cooking 3. In which experience is there a skill requirement for the participants? A. City Wild B. Explore the Art of Making Dumplings C. Art’s Fairy Godmother D. Ultimate Guitarist 4. What can we infer about the experiences in the text? A. The hosts make a profit through them. B. The hosts are all professionals in their fields C. They all provide food or drink. D. They are all involved in outdoor activities. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 【解析】本文介紹在Airbnb最流行的經(jīng)歷，主持人在各自領(lǐng)域都是專業(yè)人士，你可以為自己選擇一個。 2. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Art’s Fairy Godmother中的Visit my private collection,join for lunch with the artists I’m hosting可知，與藝術(shù)仙女教母聊天時男士的話題是藝術(shù)收藏品和藝術(shù)家。故選A。 3. D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)Ultimate 4.5hours guitar&music中After sharing my unique perspective as a rock songwriter and producer,we’ll set on stage for our advanced class at Sweetwater Music Hall,a historic music site that has hosted the best of best performers,and explores the guitar as a songwriting tool.可知，對Ultimate Guitarist的參與者有技能要求。故選D。 4. B 3. 【河南省洛陽市2018屆高三12月聯(lián)考】A Jewel’s Online Footwear Store Leather Dress Shoes Price: $ 120. 00 Color: Black Leather Brown Leather Red Leather Natural Leather Average Rating: 3 out of 5 stars Shipping Info: Standard: 7-10 business days/Express: 3-5 days Customer Reviews 1. ★★★★★ My favorite shoes! I’ve been to many conferences where my business fellows have told me how much they like my shoes. Just wearing them makes me feel more calm and content in the office. I recommend them to all of my co-workers, and I own a pair of each color. 2. ★ These are the worst shoes I have ever worn! The leather came off after only one week, and everybody thought they were ugly. The bottom of the shoes made everything slippery. My employer fired me because he hated them! From then on, I will only wear Brand X shoes! 3. ★ ★ ★ These shoes do exactly what shoes are supposed to do. There isn’t anything too special about them. In the morning, I put them on and go about my clay. They look delightful enough, and they are quite durable. I will probably buy another pair. 4. ★ ★ ★ ★ These shoes are my most cherished (珍愛的) possession. I met my bride while buying a pair of these shoes. She was the saleswoman at the store I bought them at, and after she sold me three pairs, I asked her for her phone number and we started dating. Soon after that, we were engaged. We are getting married this afternoon, and I couldn’t be happier. 1. How many pairs of leather dress shoes does the first customer own? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 2. Which customer do you feel gives us the most balanced and objective view? A. Customer 1. B. Customer 2. C. Customer 3. D. Customer 4. 3. Why does the fourth customer like the shoes? A. He got to know his wife while buying them. B. They make him feel more comfortable. C. They are made to last. D. They make him attractive. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】這篇文章介紹了一款皮鞋，并且有四名顧客對這款皮鞋進(jìn)行了評價。 1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Color: Black Leather Brown Leather Red Leather Natural Leather和and I own a pair of each color. 有四種顏色的皮鞋，第一名顧客每種顏色的皮鞋各有一雙，所以第一名顧客一共擁有四雙這類鞋子，選D。 3. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由I met my bride while buying a pair of these shoes.可知第四名顧客喜歡這雙鞋子是因?yàn)橘I這雙鞋子的時候，他認(rèn)識了他的妻子，選A。 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題是閱讀理解題中最簡單的一種，多數(shù)屬中低難度的題。但高考所占的比例大，應(yīng)特別引起注意。事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)題的命題特點(diǎn)是：對文章或某一段落中的一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章重要事實(shí)的理解，一般包括直接理解題和語義轉(zhuǎn)化題。直接理解題能在原文直接找到答案，而語義轉(zhuǎn)化題則需要將題目信息與原文信息加工或整理后才能得出結(jié)論。 做細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下： 1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨； 2.按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如for example, first, second…等預(yù)測應(yīng)該到